Commands
From CleanPosts
alien FILE (default = .deb)
apt-get remove TEST
apt-get install TEST
apt-get clean
apt-get -f remove
apt-cache search TEST
awk 'NF >0' TEST (list non-blank lines)
at 4am (schedule job)
lpr intro
^D
alias l = 'ls -l --color=auto'
apropos TEST (search man pages)
banner TEST (print banner)
bc
ibase=10
obase=16
scale=5
sqrt(x)
x=x+y
for (i=1;i<10;i++) i*5
quit
bzip2 -dc DIR.TAR.BZ2 | tar x (extract)
gzip (for tar.gz files)
cal -y Year calendar
cal 12 1994
cal 1994 > YEAR.TXT
cal -j (julian dates)
cd (change directory)
cd - (last directory)
cat TEST (type file)
cat TEST | less (with pauses)
cat -n TEST (add line numbers)
cat FILE1 > FILE2 copy
cat FILE1 >>FILE2 append
cat FILE1 FILE2 FILE3 > ALL (merge)
cat FILE | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]' > FILE2 (make lowercase)
cdrecord new.iso
cp FILE1 FILE2 (copy)
chown -R teresita DIRECTORY (change owner)
chmod 700 FILE (set executable and Read/Write)
chmod u+x FILE (set executable for all users)
dd if=/dev/sr0 of=puppy.iso
dd if=/dev/zero of=mydisk count=2048000
du -sh mydisk
1001M mydisk
mkfs -t ext3 mydisk
mount -o loop mydisk /mnt/image
didiwiki: (point browser to http://localhost:8000/)
dir -C (six columns)
dir -R (recursive)
date (display date)
df / du (disk usage)
du -h (use human-readable output)
dirs (list of pushed directories)
diff FILE1 FILE2 (list differences)
eject /dev/sr0 (tray out)
eject -t (tray in)
factor 100 (prime factors)
ftp: rubyred:chayla@web.newsguy.com
mc: rubyred:chayla@web.newsguy.com/home/rubyred
free (free memory)
fsck /dev/sda1 (check disk)
grep -i 'hello' FILE.H (search, ignore case)
history (last commands typed)
kill %2 (stop job #2)
kill -9 PID (hard kill)
let "res=2*7" (set $res variable)
ln -s file link (across filesystems)
logout
lsof -u teresita (list open files)
ls (list files)
ls -l (details)
ls -C (columns)
ls -d (directories)
ls -F (file types, /=dir *=executable @=link)
ls -R (recursive)
ls -r (reverse)
mkdir (make directory)
mv FILE1 FILE2 FILE3...FILEn DIRECTORY (move)
mv FILE1 FILE2 (rename)
man mount (online documentation, q to quit)
mkisofs -r DIRECTORY | gzip > TEST.ISO.GZ (make iso)
mkisofs -r DIRECTORY > TEST.ISO
mount -o loop CDROM.ISO /mnt/directory (mount image)
mount -t ntfs /dev/hda1 /wind (mount C drive)
mount -t ext2 /dev/hdb1 /pup (mount linux drive)
mount /dev/sda1 /media/usb0 (mount USB stick)
mount /dev/hdb2 (mount hard drive)
mount /dev/hda /mnt/cdrom
mount --move /media/hda /mnt/cdrom
od -x FILE (hex dump)
od -c FILE (ascii dump)
od -d FILE (decimal dump)
passwd (modify user password)
pushd / popd (push/pop directories)
rmdir (delete directory)
rm FILE (delete directory)
rm -r TEMP (delete directory)
su password (become root)
shutdown -r (reboot)
sort FILE
sort -b (ignore leading blanks)
sort -f (consider lowercase as upper case)
sort -o (output filename)
sort -r (reverse)
sort -u (unique)
tail FILE (last line of file)
tar -xvf /dev/hda/file (extract tarball)
tar -c DIRECTORy | bzip2 > dir.tar.bz2 (make archive)
tar -jxvf firefox-3.0.5.tar.bz2
tar -cf /tmp/alex.tar literature
tar -cv /home/alex
timidity -Ow -obarry.wav barry331.mid
top (list of processes, q to quit)
tree (directory tree)
tr '<TAB' , < FILE (change all tabs to commas)
uname -a (display version)
uptime (time since last boot)
umount /mnt/cdrom (unmount device)
uniq FILE1 (remove duplicate lines)
uniq -d (only repeats)
uniq -u (only non-repeats)
wc FILE (word count)
wc -w (only word count)
wget -mEkK http://www.url.com
wget -pk http://www.url.net
whoami
!! (run last command again)
localhost:631 (in browser, manage CUPS printers)
Convert spaces in file names to hyphens:
find . -name "* *mp3" -exec rename 's/\ /-/g' {} \;
Convert MP3s to WAVs and OGGs:
- !/bin/bash
for FILE in *.mp3
do
OUTNAME="$FILE".wav
madplay --output=wave:"$OUTNAME" $FILE
done
oggenc *.wav
busybox commands: awk, cat, cp, diff, find, ftp, grep, heaed, ln, ls,
mkdir, more, mv, od, rm, rmdir, sort, tail, tar, uniq, wc, chgrp, chmod,
chown, date, cd, df, du, kill, nice, who, touch, at, cal, calendar, cron-
tab, fsck, tee
